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- Gitlab manual job
Pipelines are the top-level component of continuous integration, delivery, and deployment. Pipelines comprise: Jobs, which define what to do. For example, jobs that compile or test code. Stages, which define when to run the jobs. For example, stages that run tests after stages that compile the code. Jobs are executed by runners. Multiple jobs in the same stage are executed in parallel, if there are enough concurrent runners. If all jobs in a stage succeed, the pipeline moves on to the next stage.
If any job in a stage fails, the next stage is not usually executed and the pipeline ends early. In general, pipelines are executed automatically and require no intervention once created. However, there are also times when you can manually interact with a pipeline. A typical pipeline might consist of four stages, executed in the following order: A build stage, with a job called compile. A test stage, with two jobs called test1 and test2.
A staging stage, with a job called deploy-to-stage. A production stage, with a job called deploy-to-prod. Types of pipelines Pipelines can be configured in many different ways: Basic pipelines run everything in each stage concurrently, followed by the next stage. Directed Acyclic Graph Pipeline DAG pipelines are based on relationships between jobs and can run more quickly than basic pipelines.
Merge request pipelines run for merge requests only rather than for every commit. Merged results pipelines are merge request pipelines that act as though the changes from the source branch have already been merged into the target branch.
Merge trains use merged results pipelines to queue merges one after the other. Parent-child pipelines break down complex pipelines into one parent pipeline that can trigger multiple child sub-pipelines, which all run in the same project and with the same SHA. This pipeline architecture is commonly used for mono-repos. Multi-project pipelines combine pipelines for different projects together. Jobs are the basic configuration component. Stages are defined by using the stages keyword.
You can also configure specific aspects of your pipelines through the GitLab UI. For example: Pipeline settings for each project. Pipeline schedules. This includes the Git refspecs , which indicate which ref such as branch or tag and commit SHA1 are checked out from your project repository.
This ref can be created even after the associated branch or tag has been deleted. You can also access pipelines for a merge request by navigating to its Pipelines tab. Select a pipeline to open the Pipeline Details page and show the jobs that were run for that pipeline.
From here you can cancel a running pipeline, retry jobs on a failed pipeline, or delete a pipeline. Starting in GitLab Run a pipeline manually Pipelines can be manually executed, with predefined or manually-specified variables. You might do this if the results of a pipeline for example, a code build are required outside the standard operation of the pipeline. Select Run pipeline.
In the Run for branch name or tag field, select the branch or tag to run the pipeline for. You can set specific variables to have their values prefilled in the form. The pipeline now executes the jobs as configured. Prefill variables in manual pipelines Introduced in GitLab You can use the description and value keywords to define pipeline-level global variables that are prefilled when running a pipeline manually.
Use the description to explain information such as what the variable is used for, and what the acceptable values are. Job-level variables cannot be pre-filled. In manually-triggered pipelines, the Run pipeline page displays all pipeline-level variables that have a description defined in the.
The description displays below the variable. You can change the prefilled value, which overrides the value for that single pipeline run. If you do not define a value for the variable in the configuration file, the variable name is still listed, but the value field is blank. Valid options are: 'canary', 'staging', 'production', or a stable branch of your choice. The user is expected to define the value each time the pipeline is run manually. Configure a list of selectable prefilled variable values Version history Introduced in GitLab Disabled by default.
The options keyword was introduced in GitLab Generally available in GitLab These values are in a dropdown list in the Run pipeline page. Add the list of value options to options and set the default value with value. The string in value must also be included in the options list. Set to 'staging' by default. You can use a query string to pre-populate the Run Pipeline page.
For example, the query string Add manual interaction to your pipeline Manual jobs , allow you to require manual interaction before moving forward in the pipeline. You can do this straight from the pipeline graph. Just select the play button to execute that particular job.
For example, your pipeline can start automatically, but require a manual action to deploy to production. In the example below, the production stage has a job with a manual action: Start multiple manual actions in a stage Introduced in GitLab This functionality is only available: For users with at least the Developer role.
If the stage contains manual actions. Skip a pipeline To push a commit without triggering a pipeline, add [ci skip] or [skip ci] , using any capitalization, to your commit message. Alternatively, if you are using Git 2. The ci. Delete a pipeline Introduced in GitLab Deleting a pipeline does not automatically delete its child pipelines.
See the related issue for details. This action cannot be undone. Pipeline security on protected branches A strict security model is enforced when pipelines are executed on protected branches. The following actions are allowed on protected branches only if the user is allowed to merge or push on that specific branch: Run manual pipelines using the Web UI or pipelines API. Run scheduled pipelines.
Run pipelines using triggers. Run on-demand DAST scan. Trigger manual actions on existing pipelines. Variables marked as protected are accessible only to jobs that run on protected branches, preventing untrusted users getting unintended access to sensitive information like deployment credentials and tokens.
Runners marked as protected can run jobs only on protected branches, preventing untrusted code from executing on the protected runner and preserving deployment keys and other credentials from being unintentionally accessed.
To ensure that jobs intended to be executed on protected runners do not use regular runners, they must be tagged accordingly.
Review the deployment safety page for additional security recommendations for securing your pipelines. Trigger a pipeline when an upstream project is rebuilt Introduced in GitLab You can trigger a pipeline in your project whenever a pipeline finishes for a new tag in a different project.
Prerequisites: The upstream project must be public. The user must have the Developer role in the upstream project. Expand Pipeline subscriptions. Select Subscribe. The maximum number of upstream pipeline subscriptions is 2 by default, for both the upstream and downstream projects. On self-managed instances, an administrator can change this limit. How pipeline duration is calculated Total running time for a given pipeline excludes retries and pending queued time. Each job is represented as a Period , which consists of: Period first when the job started.
Period last when the job finished. B begins at 2 and ends at 4. C begins at 6 and ends at 7. To make it easier to understand the flow of a pipeline, GitLab has pipeline graphs for viewing pipelines and their statuses. Pipeline graphs can be displayed as a large graph or a miniature representation, depending on the page you access the graph from.
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